be 동사 관련 표현들; be about to, be due to, be likely to, be meant to, be supposed to, be bound to,

다음은 "Be expressions" (be able to, be due to 등)의 문법 정리입니다.

영어 문법 교재나 수업 자료용으로 깔끔하게 요약한 버전입니다.

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⭐ Be Expressions 정리표 ⭐

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1. be about to

✅ 뜻: 막 ~하려고 하다 (매우 가까운 미래)

✅ 형태: be about to + 동사원형

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I’m about to eat.

→ 나 지금 막 먹으려던 참이야.

We’re just about to set off for a walk.

→ 우리 지금 막 산책 나가려던 참이야.

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🔺 과거형: 예정이었지만 실제 일어나지 않은 상황

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I was about to complain, but he apologized.

→ 나 막 항의하려고 했는데, 그가 사과했어.

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🚫 시간 표현과 함께 쓰지 않음

✅ I was about to call you.

❌ I was about to call you in ten minutes.

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2. be able to

✅ 뜻: ~할 수 있다 (can의 대체 표현)

✅ 형태: be able to + 동사원형

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She won’t be able to concentrate.

→ 그녀는 집중할 수 없을 거야.

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He should be able to work in a team.

→ 그는 팀에서 일할 수 있어야 해.

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✅ 격식체 표현:

I am not able to give you that information.

(= I cannot give you that information.)

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🔹 과거 능력 (성취):

Only one person was able to beat the record.

→ 단 한 사람만 그 기록을 깰 수 있었어.

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(✅ was able to 사용 / ❌ could 사용 X)

🔻 부정:

We weren’t able to finish the marathon. (= We couldn’t finish …)

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3. be due to

✅ 뜻: ~할 예정이다 / ~하기로 되어 있다

✅ 형태: be due to + 동사원형 (보통 시간 표현과 함께 사용)

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Are you due to hand in homework today?

→ 오늘 숙제 제출 예정이야?

The train is due to arrive at 12:12.

→ 기차는 12:12에 도착 예정이야.

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4. be likely to

✅ 뜻: ~할 가능성이 있다

✅ 형태: be likely to + 동사원형

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Are rich parents likely to spoil their children?

→ 부유한 부모는 아이를 버릇없게 만들 가능성이 있을까?

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📌 비교: more/less likely

Men are more likely to spend money on food.

→ 남성은 음식에 돈을 더 쓸 가능성이 높아.

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✅ that절 형태:

It’s likely that sales will rise.

→ 매출이 오를 가능성이 있다.

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❌ 부정:

The company is not likely to make a profit.

People are unlikely to listen to him now.

→ 이제 그를 믿을 사람은 거의 없다.

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5. be meant to

✅ 뜻: ~하기로 되어 있다 / ~하도록 의도되다

✅ 형태: be meant to + 동사원형

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Is it meant to be a different colour?

→ 이거 다른 색으로 되어 있는 거야?

There was meant to be a fantastic prize.

→ 원래 멋진 상품이 있었어야 했어.

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6. be supposed to

✅ 뜻:

의무: ~하기로 되어 있다

기대/추정: ~할 거라고 여겨진다

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You were supposed to be at the party!

→ 너 파티에 있었어야 했잖아!

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You’re supposed to have an hour for lunch.

→ 점심시간은 1시간이어야 해.

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What’s it supposed to do?

→ 이거 무슨 효과가 있어?

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It’s supposed to be a nice route.

→ 경치가 좋기로 유명한 노선이래.

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7. be bound to

✅ 뜻: 반드시 ~하게 되어 있다 (강한 확신)

✅ 형태: be bound to + 동사원형

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✅ 유사 표현: be sure to, be certain to

He’s bound to pass the exam.

→ 그는 시험에 꼭 합격할 거야.

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Don’t worry. Things are bound to get better.

→ 걱정 마. 상황은 반드시 좋아질 거야.

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8. be willing to

✅ 뜻: 기꺼이 ~하다 / ~할 의향이 있다

✅ 형태: be willing to + 동사원형

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She’s willing to help us with the project.

→ 그녀는 기꺼이 우리를 도와주려고 해.

I’m not willing to take that risk.

→ 나는 그런 위험을 감수할 생각 없어.

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9. be supposed to vs. be meant to – 차이점 간단 비교

표현	공통점	차이점
be supposed to	둘 다 ‘의무’나 ‘기대’를 표현	일반적인 규칙, 사회적 규범에 따라 기대됨 (ex: 법, 약속 등)
be meant to	의도된 목적에 가까움 (누군가의 계획이나 의도)	​

예시:

You’re supposed to wear a seatbelt. (법적인 규정)

This button is meant to open the door. (기계적 기능의 목적)

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10. 주의할 표현 비교

표현	의미	주의할 점
can	현재 능력 표현	다른 조동사와 함께 사용 불가 (❌ should can)
be able to	모든 시제에서 가능	다른 조동사 뒤에도 사용 가능 (✅ should be able to)
could	과거 일반 능력 표현	성취된 행동을 말할 때는 ❌ (→ was able to 사용)

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11. 형태 정리 – 시제별 ‘be + 표현’ 활용 예시

표현	현재형	과거형	미래형
be about to	is about to eat	was about to eat	— (미래형 X)
be able to	is able to swim	was able to swim	will be able to swim
be due to	is due to arrive	was due to arrive	will be due to arrive
be likely to	is likely to win	was likely to win	will be likely to win
be meant to	is meant to help	was meant to help	will be meant to help
be supposed to	is supposed to work	was supposed to work	will be supposed to work
be bound to	is bound to happen	was bound to happen	will be bound to happen
be willing to	is willing to help	was willing to help	will be willing to help

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